Sunday, February 24, 2013

Oh. My. Gosh.


In this blog, I will be collecting different aspects and facts of one of my favorite stories; Coraline, by Neil Gaiman. I will be exploring things like the story itself and the elements of it. I will explore the making of the stop motion film itself. I will dig deeper into the story of the Neil Gaiman himself, and his other achievements. And i will dig into other aspects that arise through the research of these main points.

Why Coraline?

So some people might ask, why Coraline? Of all the stories out there, why this particular one? I do also have a great love for all of the animated features put out by Walt Disney's Animation Studios, but I thought I would focus on a story with a character I could relate to. You see, Coraline reminds me of a young me. She loves to play outside in the mud, and most importantly she has a lot of attitude, growing up I always played outside, making up my own adventures, rolling in the mud, and I was always causing problems... Coraline the movie released in 2009 by Henry Selick is where I was first introduced to this amazing character, and I've been in love ever since, all because of the simple fact that I can relate to her.

Coraline's Creator

Neil Gaiman, the author of Coraline, was born in Hampshire, UK in 1960. He grew up with a great and strong love for books. He described himself as a,"feral child who was raised in libraries," and credits the librarians of his youth for "fostering a life-long love of reading." and goes further to say "I wouldn't be who I am without libraries." Later in his life he was married to Mary McGrath, with whom he had 3 kids, Madeleine, Holly, and Michael. The family finally migrated to the United States in 1992. Gaiman had created Coraline and had the children's novel published ten years later in 2002. He's created many best-sellers over the years like Stardust, The Graveyard Book, American Gods, and many more. He has also been awarded a great deal of rewards and honors from Newbery to Hugos throughout the years. To learn more about Neil Gaiman and his own story, his website is a great source for this information.

"You get ideas from daydreaming. You get ideas from being bored. You get ideas all the time. The only difference between writers and other people is we notice when we're doing it."
  - Neil Gaiman



It's COR-aline...

Here is an audio clip I found of an interview with Neil Gaiman 
on his explanation of how the name Coraline surfaced for him 
individually.   (CLICK HERE FOR CLIP)

                             SIDE NOTE:
Coraline is also a real name despite Gaiman's typographical error.
The name is of English origin and means "coral, or deep pink."

Into The Story


The movie is about a young girl named Coraline who just moved to a new town with her mom and dad. Considering she doesn't have any friends or knowledge of things to do in the area she gets more and more frustrated with boredom. With a little bit of imagination and exploration she finds a small door in their new home, and late at night is led through it to a whole new world. In this new world she finds all the same things you could find at her new home, but backwards and better! This is wear she meets the Beldam, who has built this world to attract young Coraline and coerce her into staying forever and giving up her eyes and replacing them with buttons. But with the help from Wybie and his trusty "Wuss Puss" she finds a way to escape while saving her parents and all the other children who have been taken by the Beldam.

Down the Rabbit Hole


Gaiman grew up with a strong love for reading a stories. He loved things like Batman comics, but most of all he loved Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. I think this love is very evident through his writing Coraline. The two stories share very similar in a number of ways.
  • The main character is female
  • They come across a mysterious cat who comes and goes as they please.
  • They both go through some sort of portal to a "better" world (or so it may seem). (Coraline's tiny door, and Alice's rabbit hole).
  • They both faced the dangers of a powerful female figure (the Beldam/the queen).
  • and they both came back from these worlds with a whole new and improved outlook on life.
Coraline's adventure can also be compared to The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Wizard of Oz.

Coraline & the Hero's Journey




The ordinary world:  In Coraline’s ordinary world she is bored and feels neglected by her parents and hopes for something more exciting. In hopes to find some adventure she finds a small door in the wall, but unfortunately to her luck- it is bricked up.
Call to Adventure:  Late at night Coraline discovers some of Mr. Bobinsky’s jumping mice wandering the house, so she decides to follow them in hopes for some excitement.
Crossing the Threshold:  Coraline follows the mice back to the tiny door, which is no longer bricked up and bares a portal to another world.
Meeting the Mentor:  Eventually in this other world, Coraline meets up with the cat Wybie introduced her to earlier in the film, who warns her that everything is not what it seems.
Tests, Allies, and Enemies:  As the story goes on she gains allies like the “other Wybie” and her other father who continue to warn her as well. As time goes on she finds that the “other mother” (the “Beldam”) is actually the enemy – trying to convince her to sew buttons into her eyes so she can eat her. As Coraline rejects the Beldams advances she continues to get more and more frustrated with Coraline and traps her in a mirror.
The Resurrection:   The Other Wybie helps her escape the mirror (where she meets the ghost children) and she makes a run for it. Once she returns home and thinks all is well she finds that the Beldam has taken her parents.
Approach the Inmost Cave:  Coraline returns to the other world where she intends to save her parents and the ghost children. The Beldam gives her a riddle to solve in order to save them so Coraline takes on the task.
The Ordeal:  Coraline completes all the takes, to retrieve the ghost eyes (for saving the ghost children) but struggles to find her parents. Once she finds them the Beldam still doesn’t intend on letting her go, so Coraline tricks her and faces a struggle out of the other world and to safety while still having to defeat a broken off hand of the Beldam by trapping it in the well.
The Reward:  Coraline returns home to find her parents are safe and sound. Now that she’s home everyone is getting along and Coraline is no longer bored and has a new found appreciation for  everything she has.

Adopting Coraline

Years back, before Coraline was even written as a Novel, Neil Gaiman met Henry Selick. In this encounter Gaiman mentioned that he had Selick in mind as a potential director for the animating of one of his novels some day in the future. Then along came Coraline.

Selick is a stop-motion animation director from New Jersey, he's best known for his works in James and the Giant Peach and the even better known Nightmare Before Christmas. It is said that Selick has also taken an interest to Gaiman's book, The Graveyard Book as well. (Hopefully!)


INTERESTING SIDE NOTE:
The dollar bill given to the movers as a tip at the beginning of the movie presents Selick's face on the bill.

The Book vs The Movie


There are quite a few minor details in the book that they had changed for the film. The main one would be that there is no Wybie in the book. Selick added this character so that Coraline wouldn't been wondering around talk to herself, and frankly, Gaiman liked the idea. Other than that, the book is supposedly set entirely in England, rather than the US, like the movie. There are no dolls (in the book), no fantastic garden, and little facts here and there were altered, like names and order of events, etc.

Visual Inspiration

I found through my numerous viewings of the Special Features of my Coraline Bluray; Henry Selick goes to tell of his inspiration for the colors and styles of the movie and its sets and puppets came from his love of the Japanese illustrator,  Tadahiro Uesugi. He fell in love with the simplicity of his work and the vibrant/strong color combinations that he uses in his work. Selick had his team of concept artists focus their work around a similar style for the movie.

Coraline in Stopmotion


Coraline is a stop motion film, which means that the puppets and movements you see in the movie were actually just the objects being  manipulated by the animators frame by frame. According to these animators there were 24 frames per second of the movie, so considering the film is 100 minutes long, that's 144,000 frames to be shot to create this movie. It was also mentioned that it took an animator a week to complete 7 seconds of the film, so if one animator were to complete the film all on their own it would take approximately 16.5 years (and that's not counting all the time put into creating the sets and puppets!)

SIDE NOTES:
  • Coraline is the first stop-motion film shot entirely in 3D
  • Coraline is the (at 1:40:00) is the longest stop motion film to date
  • the film had the most stages ever deployed for a stop-motion animated feature
  • This film marks the first time that a stop-motion animated morphing sequence has ever been accomplished. The sequence runs for 130 frames, or nearly six seconds. 
  • On the back of the moving van you'll see graffiti on the bottom right corner that reads "StopMo Rulz." StopMo is short for Stop-Motion.

Building a tiny world

 

In the creation of Coraline the movie, every single tiny detail was hand crafted by someone on the team. From every blade of grass, to every strand of hair on the puppet's heads. Nothing was computer generated, Henry Selick did not want anything computer generated. Even the flame that burns up the doll of her parents in the fire place was created by John Allan Armstrong. It took him about 3-4 weeks and 1,200 drawings to create the illusion of fire in that short scene. The same goes for the fog throughout the movie, Selick hired a team to focus on creating fog with the help of using air guns and cutting and pasting clips of manipulated dry ice.

OTHER FACTS:
  • 1,300 square feet of fake fur was used to stand in for live and/or fake grass
  • The snow was made of superglue and baking soda
  • Over 130 sets were built across 52 different stages at the studios; spanning 183,000 square feet, the 52 different stages were the most ever deployed for a stop-motion animated feature. 
  •  The leaves in the scene where Coraline is returning to the well were created by spraying popcorn pink and cutting it up into little pieces.

The Setting


Although Coraline's family moves from Michigan and  it is never formally mentioned in the film, the movie is supposedly set in Ashland, Oregon. This is because the Laika Entertainment - the American stop-motion animation studios - is based in Oregon.

One way they portrayed evidence of their location was through the stage performers outside the Mulch shop and the signs over town when they drop off Charlie, Coraline's dad, right before they go school clothes shopping. This refers to the Oregon Shakespeare Festival that is held in Ashland.

Pulling Together the Puppets


These puppets had their own little skeletons  made of wire. Layered on top of the skeleton was their body/skin, which is made of silicone. The dolls had to be made flexible so they could be manipulated from shot to shot by the animators. The characters had a top and bottom part of their face that clips on allowing a wide variety of facial combinations and expressions. Coraline alone had 207,336 possible face combinations! There were different people hired for different purposes just in the puppet department. One woman was hired specifically to create the characters hair, which she used different types of hairs and fibers and layered them with glue and wire so they could be manipulated. There was also a team who focused strictly on the creation of the hands, and another woman who was hired to knit tiny sweaters - using knitting needles as thin as human hair!
  • "To construct 1 puppet of Coraline, 10 individuals had to work 3-4 months."
  • "For the character of Coraline, there were 28 different puppets of varying sizes; the main Coraline puppet stands 9.5 inches high."
  • An outfit was never completely finished until the end of the movie (because of the rips and mud added as the story progresses) 
  • Coraline is the first stop-motion character with her own wardrobe - consisting of 9 outfits. 
  • "At one point in the movie, Coraline shows 16 different expressions in a span of 35 seconds."


CHARACTER PROFILE: Coraline Jones

 "Hm. It's not real scientific, but I heard an ordinary name like Caroline can lead people to have ordinary expectations about a person."
-Wybie Lovat

Description:
  • Coraline Jones is the main character of this story, a young 11 year old girl from Michigan with blue hair and an attitude that wont quit. Because of her boredom and through the eyes of a doll identical to her own appearance, the Beldam creates a parallel "perfect" world to lure Coraline into and keep for herself.
Voice Actor: 
Archetype: 
  • Heroine & Protagonist- Coraline is the heroine in this story going up against the Beldam, she goes  through a change in character through being bored and wishing her new living conditions were more entertaining but comes to appreciate the home and family that she has (hence the "be careful what you wish for")


Coraline was the most difficult character for the animators to create. Going through many concepts and designs of faces, outfits, hairstyles etc. But through many different ideas they learned through her creation some helpful things that made creating the other characters of the story

CHARACTER PROFILE: Wyborne "Wybie" Lovat

 "Oh I definitely heard someone... Wy-were-you-borne."
-Coraline Jones

Description:
  • Wybie is Coraline's new neighbor who, in her opinion, "talks a lot." His grandma owns the "Pink Palace" (the split house rented out to the Jones and their neighbors) He is the only other person who knows of this parallel world that Coraline visits. Wybie also introduces Coraline to the feral neighborhood cat who plays as both a sort of threshold guardian AND a mentor in the story.
Voice Actor:  
Archetype: 
  • Sidekick- Wybie helps Coraline every step of the way, whether it's helping Coraline escape the Beldam's mirror, or defeating her all together, he was there to provide assistance.
Wybie was not originally in the book, but Selick put him in so that Coraline wasn't this young girl running around just talking to herself. (They had three options - 1) Putting in another character (Wybie), 2) Having Coraline Narrate the story herself, or 3) Coraline breaking the fourth wall and talking to the audience. They believed adding in Wybie was their best option, and Neil Gaiman understood and loved it.

CHARACTER PROFILE: The Cat/Wuss Puss

 "Your cats not feral... He's a wuss puss!"
-Coraline Jones
Description: 
  •  Coraline first encounters the cat at the beginning of the movie when she is in search of a well when he spooks her when she thought she was alone. She later fines that he is just a wild cat that Wybie takes care of and plays with. Later once introduce to the "other world," Coraline meets up with the cat again, but this time he can talk. He warns her that everything is not all that it seems in the other world.
Voice Actor:
Archetype:
  • Mentor: the cat serves as a mentor for Coraline, warning her of dangers and informing her of tricks and ways of defeating the Beldam in the end.

The cat is the only other character besides Coraline that doesn't have a parallel character in the other world. He, just like Coraline can come and go as he pleases. Though the Beldam does not like him or cats for that matter.

CHARACTER PROFILE: Mel Jones

 "I mean my OTHER other mother... Mom number one?"
-Coraline Jones
Description:
  • Mel in Coraline's mother, though she is easily irritated by Coraline's restlessness she is a very important character to the story - she and Charlie are the very focus when the Beldam creates the other world for Coraline, creating a world where everything is parallel but "better," or so she would have Coraline believe...
Voice Actor:
Archetype:
  • Mother/Matriarch - She plays the role of Coraline's mother, disciplining her and providing her with food, shelter and even the clothes on her back.
Teri Hatcher also does the voice of the other mother/Beldam, who is the antagonist of the story, trying to trick young Coraline into staying with her in her parallel world and sew buttons into her eyes so she can eat her...

CHARACTER PROFILE: The Other Mother/Beldam


"You know, you could stay forever, if you want to. There's one tiny thing we have to do first..."
-The Beldam
Description:
  • The Beldam is a character that creates a doll that looks like a child to attract them through it and then watches the child through the eyes of the doll to find everything supposedly "wrong" with their lives and create a parallel world where everything is "better." This way she can lure the child in and convince them to join her in sewing buttons into their eyes, and then she intends to eat them.
Voice Actor:
Archetype:
  • Antagonist/Shapeshifter: The Beldam is trying to attract Coraline in and eventually eat her, as she has done to many other children over the years, so Coraline must fight back to save her parents, the ghost children, and herself. The Beldam appears to look like a cleaned up happy and pleasant version of Coraline's  old mother, but as time goes on her true identity unfolds.
As time goes by and the Beldam becomes more and more frustrated with Coraline's unwillingness to sew buttons into her eyes, she begins to reshape into her true form slowly over time. As she gets angrier and angrier you see her true form was based on that of an insect or a spider.

THE BELDAM:
The other mother, at one point is called the "Beldam" which comes from the words "Belle dame" which is french and translates literally as for beautiful lady, whereas beldam usually translate into "hag" or "old witch." I think this is the perfect name to give the other mother because in the movie she at first portrays a beautiful and friendly version of her own mother, and slowly with her frustration and anger with Coraline's refusal to cooperate, grows to a rigid, creepy and spider-like hag. 

CHARACTER PROFILE: Charlie Jones

"If the real Charlie Jones wants his papers edited, he better wrap them up ASAP."
- Mel Jones

Description: 
  • Charlie Jones is Coraline's father, though lately (in the story) he constantly seems too busy at work on the computer to keep young Coraline entertained, he loves her very much and makes up little songs for her throughout the movie.
Voice Actor:
Archetype:
  • Father/Patriarch - He plays Coraline's father who tucks her in at night, tries to make her laugh and cooks her meals (no matter how questionable they may be...)


John Hodgman does the voice of both Charlie and the other father in Coraline's parallel world. Although his singing voice is done by John Linnell from the band They Might be Giants.


CHARACTER PROFILE: Sergei Alexander Bobinski

"Mr. B's not drunk, Mom, he's just... Eccentric!"
- Coraline Jones
Description: 
  • Mr. Bobinski is the retired russian circus preformer who live on the flat above the Jones'. He's believed to be a little bit crazy and claims to be training his "jumping mouse circus." His mice are what lead Coraline through the door at night into this parallel world of better things.
Voice Actor:
Archetype:
  •  Mentor/Mediator: Bobinski sort of, like Miss Spink & Forcible, plays a mentor as well, but through the information provided through his jumping mice. At one point he mentions that "the jumping mice say don't go through tiny door." So since he's really just translating the advice given by the jumping  mice I would classify him as a mediator as well.
 "Mr. Bobinsky is wearing the Russian Hero Medal for Service at the Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster on April 26, 1986. Which reads on the front "Participant in the clean-up campaign" The "4A3C" indicates "Chernobilskaya Nuclear Power Plant." This medal is unique as it is the only medal in the world awarded for participation in a nuclear clean up. That might explain his skin complexion and odd behavior."
 

CHARACTER PROFILE: April Spink & Miriam Forcible






"Miss Spink and Forcible? But you said they're dingbats!"
- Coraline Jones

Description:
  • Miss Spink and Forcible are the two elderly women living on the basement level floor below     Coraline's family in the Pink Palace. These two retired actresses live with their many Scottish terriers, and help Coraline, by giving her the stone she needs to find the ghost eyes in the end, as well as read her fortune and warning her of danger.
Voice Actor(s):
Archetype(s):  
  • Mentor(s) - They provide Coraline with many of the gadgets and information she needs to successful save her parents and the ghost children.

The actresses that did those voices of Spink & Forcible actually started out doing the opposite roles (Saunders with Forcible and French with Spink) but Henry Selick wasn't feeling it and had them swap and kept them in those new positions, which he liked much better.

The Soundtrack

"The band They Might Be Giants wrote 10 songs for the movie, but a change in tone from a musical to a darker production meant that all but one was cut; a scene in which Coraline's other father sings along with a piano features John Linnell's voice. The band has said they will release the other songs created for the movie in other projects, including albums."

Beyond They Might be giants, the songs featured in the film were composed by the French composer by the name of Bruno Coulais, who with the help of the Hungarian Symphony Orchestra and the Children's Choir Nice finished 10 different songs for the soundtrack and won Coulais the 2009 Annie Award for the best score for an animated feature. Some of the songs on the soundtrack sung by the choir are in what they describe as a "nonsense language" or gibberish.

Bruno Coulais is well know for his music over a great number of films but he's more known for his scores from Coraline,  Les Choristes, and another one of my favorites, The Secret of Kels.